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BorrowWise
Property market guide

Understanding the Australian property market

Media coverage of the property market does not always reflect underlying conditions. This guide explains the six factors that drive Australian housing prices and the four indicators worth reviewing before any purchase.

Six factors that drive Australian property prices

01

Interest rates & borrowing power

Prices track what buyers can borrow. When rates fall, borrowing power rises and with it the capacity to bid, and values usually follow within months. The reverse applies when rates rise.

02

Supply of new housing

For most of the past decade Australia has built fewer homes than the number of households it has formed. Construction costs, planning approvals and completions limit how quickly supply can respond.

03

Population & migration

Increases in migration appear first in rents and subsequently in prices. Pressure concentrates where new arrivals settle, which is overwhelmingly the major capital cities.

04

Credit policy

Credit policy is an influential and frequently overlooked factor. Serviceability buffers, LVR rules and investor lending limits set by regulators can slow or stimulate a market more quickly than a change in interest rates.

05

Sentiment & cycles

Markets tend to overshoot in both directions. Auction clearance rates, days on market and vendor discounting are reliable early indicators and generally move before changes are reported in the media.

06

Local factors

Employment, infrastructure, school zones and the mix of housing stock in a suburb all affect values. National averages conceal considerable local variation, and conditions can differ from one street to the next.

Market indicators

Four indicators for assessing property market conditions

Each of these indicators is published weekly or monthly, free of charge, and tends to lead the market rather than lag it. For local context, the BorrowWise suburb guides describe the housing stock, buyer profile and lending considerations of individual suburbs.

Auction clearance rates

A rate above ~70% indicates a seller's market, while a rate below ~55% favours buyers. The trend is more informative than the result of a single weekend.

Days on market

A rising number of days on market indicates cooling demand and is often visible a quarter before prices move.

Rental vacancy rates

A vacancy rate below 2% indicates a tight rental market, which over time encourages renters to buy and draws investors into the market.

Building approvals

Current approvals become housing supply in two to three years. Persistent shortfalls provide structural support for prices.

For home buyers

Assess the repayment rather than the forecast

The most important analysis for a home buyer is the household budget at an interest rate 1 to 2% higher than the current rate. If repayments remain affordable at that level, questions of market timing become considerably less significant. The mortgage repayment calculator can be used to test repayments at a higher rate, and the guide to how home loan interest rates are set explains what causes rates to change.

Read the first home buyer guide
For property investors

Assess rental yield rather than suburb reputation

A property that covers its own costs at realistic interest rates and vacancy levels allows time for capital growth to occur. A property with a sustained cash shortfall depends on growth forecasts proving correct within a short period. The rental yield calculator estimates the yield on a specific property.

Read the investment property guide

Australian property market: frequently asked questions

Is now a good time to buy property in Australia?

For an owner-occupier planning to hold a property for 7 to 10 years, time in the market has historically outperformed attempts to time the market. The entry price matters less than buying within one's means at a sustainable repayment. For investors, the yield and cash-flow calculations for the specific property matter more than broader market conditions at the time of purchase.

Do house prices in Australia always go up?

No. National prices have fallen meaningfully on several occasions, and individual cities have experienced corrections while others grew strongly (Perth and Sydney frequently move in opposite phases). The long-run trend has been strongly upward, but that long run has included flat and falling periods lasting several years.

How do interest rates affect property prices?

Interest rates affect prices mainly through borrowing capacity. As a rule of thumb, a 1% change in mortgage rates moves a typical buyer's maximum loan by roughly 8 to 10%, and prices tend to follow capacity with a lag of several months, amplified or dampened by sentiment.

Is it advisable to wait for prices to fall before buying?

Waiting also carries a cost: rent paid in the interim, and the risk that prices or rates move unfavourably. If a fall of a few percent would make the difference between a comfortable and a stretched purchase, the underlying issue is the budget rather than the timing. It is generally more useful to test scenarios in the BorrowWise property affordability calculator than to rely on a forecast.

Where can I get suburb-level data?

BorrowWise publishes suburb guides covering housing stock, buyer profile and lending considerations for each suburb. The guides deliberately do not publish price data. A broker can supply comparable sales for any suburb under consideration as part of a free assessment.

Free assessment

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